La mobilité périurbaine : le changement, c’est pour quand ?

Is there an effective change in the mobility system of the suburban area in the Île-de-France ? How to identify it ? This article aims at updating the evolving (or not evolving) residential and daily mobility patterns through three case studies in the Île-de-France. Results show that change doesn’t challenge the whole system but rather consists of adaptive measures. Evolution in the use of car ensures the global system’s stability. Those adaptive measures are nevertheless the source of new [...]

Quand les mobilités influencent la perception des changements territoriaux.

Le cas des résidents secondaires en Charente-Maritime.

The frequent comings and goings within various living places characterise second home owners. Neither truly tourist nor inhabitant in the region of their second home, this population category is hybrid, because they are owners of a home where they do not usually live during the year. This raises the question of their right to express themselves about the changes affecting the territory where their second home is located. Their way of living in this multipolar residential system, with the [...]

Je t’aime… moi non plus.

Quels changements dans le rapport des jeunes lyonnais à l’automobile ?

This paper studies the changes in the young adults’ relationship to cars. It is based on mixed methods, combining qualitative interviews carried out in Lyon, and secondary analyses of 1995 and 2006 Lyon household travel surveys. A slightly downward trend in driving licence holding rates can be observed as a feature of broader changes in attitudes and mobility practices of young people, especially in central and dense areas. It can be related to financial burden, but also to the [...]

Les changements de modes de déplacement dans le périurbain.

Des processus d’expérimentation longs, incertains et déstabilisants.

This paper aims to better understand the commuting practices of suburban inhabitants, especially the shift from individual automobile to alternative forms of mobility. More specifically, it underlines two main elements of the modal change process : on the first hand, a long and uncertain experimentation process of automobile alternatives, which often consists either in back and forth behaviors or hybridization between several travel modes ; on the other hand, along this experimentation process, individuals find out that such a [...]

L’événement anthropocène.

Today’s sciences are used to deal with novelty by two principal ways. First, they may take it as a new step in the evolution of a system. Second, they may consider that a novelty is “new” enough, and therefore that a new set of paradigms should be integrated in the today’s scientific theories. It is extremely rare that an event occurs and is “unthinkable” by sciences. Though, today it seems that the political idea of Anthropocene is an event [...]

La mobilité résidentielle, une nouvelle opportunité pour les territoires de tradition industrielle.

The industrial regions of the fordist era, which we call in this article “traditional industrial regions", are among the regions that have faced the most severe economic and social disruption during the past 40 years. Since the early 1970s, deindustrialization and outsourcing of service activities benefitting big cities led to a decline of employment, but also of living conditions of population in these regions. These mechanisms often go along with negative net migration which penalizes these spaces. However, this [...]

L’espace professionnel des médecins aux États-Unis : mythe ou réalité d’un modèle libéral « correcteur » ?

The problem of unequal distribution of physicians exists in all the OECD countries. However, it has a particular emphasis in the USA, due to the distances between different places and anslo between patients and physicians that are generally bigger than in Europe. This can seriously affect the physical accessibility of human medical resources. The purpose of this article is to determinate the weight of different factors of physician locations, at different scales – states, counties (according to the rural-urban [...]

Ethnologues et touristes au papier calque.

Quelques effets de terrain en milieu touristique.

Based on a considerable fieldwork experience in Mali, this paper aims to analyze the ethnologist's responsibilities towards various actors taking part in tourism encounters. From similarities between anthropologists and tourists, I intend to show that relationships between researchers, local communities, guides and tourists are components of the ethnographic data. Tourism constitutes therefore an ethnographic field that needs a continous practice of reflexivity. Furthermore, because he is a tourist in his own way, because the mediators of tourism encounters tend [...]

Les ennemis des sciences sociales.

The first circle of conflict lies inside each social science. Analytical approaches are opposed to systemical ones. Two examples are given. The first is the well-known Malthusian debate about population and subsistence. Those practicing analytical research dig each term deeply, contrasting them and describing their evolution. Those practicing systemic research study the interactions between the components of the two terms. The second example concerns the attempt to forecast the future evolution of fertility in France, which was a source [...]

Les apports de R. E. Park pour une approche sociologique du cosmopolitisme.

Contemporary approaches to cosmopolitanism tend to be situated between two poles: a descriptive one and a normative one, which often draw upon a classical sociological approach to cosmopolitanism. This article reconsiders R. E. Park’s approach to cosmopolitanism. Underestimated today, its characteristic is to consider cosmopolitanism both under an ecological angle and a political one. In its ecological form, cosmopolitanism refers to the distribution of a diversity of groups which come to coexist, to share the same urban territory, to [...]